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<p><b>Area code 312</b> is a telephone <a href="Area_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code">area code</a> in the <a href="North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">North American Numbering Plan</a> for the city of <a href="Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, including downtown, the <a href="Chicago_Loop" title="Chicago Loop">Chicago Loop</a>, and its immediate environs. The numbering plan area is completely surrounded by <a href="Area_code_773" title="Area code 773">area code 773</a>, which serves the rest of Chicago. Both area codes form an <a href="Overlay_complex" title="Overlay complex">overlay complex</a> with <a href="Area_code_872" title="Area code 872">area code 872</a>. 312 is an <a href="Enclave" class="mw-redirect" title="Enclave">enclave</a> area code, and is roughly bounded by <a href="Illinois_Route_64" title="Illinois Route 64">North Avenue</a> on the north, Western Avenue on the west, and 35th Street on the south, with <a href="Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a> to the east. In terms of geographic area covered, 312 is one of the smallest area codes in the nation, encompassing only a few square miles.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>Area code 312 was assigned to one of the original 86 numbering plan areas (NPAs) created in 1947 for the <a href="North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">North American Numbering Plan</a>. As a result of Illinois' dense population, particularly in the north, the state was split between four NPAs, given that each NPA could only accommodate approximately 500 central offices.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Area code 312 originally served almost all of the Illinois side of the <a href="Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago metropolitan area</a>. The major exceptions were portions of <a href="Grundy_County%2C_Illinois" title="Grundy County, Illinois">Grundy</a>, <a href="Kane_County%2C_Illinois" title="Kane County, Illinois">Kane</a>, <a href="Kankakee_County%2C_Illinois" title="Kankakee County, Illinois">Kankakee</a>, <a href="McHenry_County%2C_Illinois" title="McHenry County, Illinois">McHenry</a>, and <a href="Will_County%2C_Illinois" title="Will County, Illinois">Will</a> counties, which were located in the numbering plan area of the rest of northern Illinois, <a href="Area_code_815" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 815">815</a>. On November 11, 1989, the suburbs were assigned <a href="Area_code_708" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 708">area code 708</a> and 312 was reduced to Chicago.

</p><p>The 1989 split was intended as a long-term solution to relieve exchanges in one of the largest toll-free calling zones in the nation. However, within only five years, 312 was on the verge of exhaustion once again due to the proliferation of cell phones, pagers and fax machines in the 1990s. Additionally, the Chicago <a href="Local_access_and_transport_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Local access and transport area">LATA</a> extends into northwest <a href="Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, meaning several numbers in Indiana's <a href="Area_code_219" title="Area code 219">219</a> were not available for use. This factor also forced 708 to be split in 1996, just seven years after it split from 312. 708 was retained for the southern suburbs, while the northern suburbs became <a href="Area_codes_847_and_224" title="Area codes 847 and 224">847</a> and the western suburbs became <a href="Area_codes_630_and_331" title="Area codes 630 and 331">630</a>.

</p><p>As a solution, all of the city outside the downtown area was split off as <a href="Area_code_773" title="Area code 773">area code 773</a> on October 11, 1996, making Chicago one of the few cities in the nation to be split between multiple area codes, along with New York City and Los Angeles. It made the area code an enclave code, similar to <a href="Area_code_514" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 514">area code 514</a> in <a href="Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> and <a href="Area_code_210" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 210">area code 210</a> in <a href="San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>. Since November 7, 2009, both 312 and 773 have been overlaid by <a href="Area_code_872" title="Area code 872">872</a>. With the implementation of 872, even local calls in Chicago require <a href="Ten-digit_dialing" title="Ten-digit dialing">ten-digit dialing</a>.

</p><p>The Illinois side of the Chicago area–312/773/872, 708/464, 847/224, 630/331 and portions of 815/779–is one of the largest local calling areas in the United States; with few exceptions, no long-distance charges are applied from one portion of the metro area to the other.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The first production <a href="4ESS_switch" class="mw-redirect" title="4ESS switch">#4ESS</a> toll switch was installed in Chicago in January 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Goose_Island_Brewery" title="Goose Island Brewery">Goose Island Brewery</a> brews an <a href="Ale" title="Ale">ale</a> named "312 Urban Wheat Ale" and "312 Urban Pale Ale".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li>A restaurant at the <a href="Kimpton_Hotels_%26_Restaurant_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Kimpton Hotels & Restaurant Group">Kimpton Hotels</a> operated Hotel Allegro, at LaSalle and Randolph Streets in the Loop, is named "312 Chicago".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li>The Chicago-based <a href="Christian_rock" title="Christian rock">Christian rock</a> group <a href="Resurrection_Band" title="Resurrection Band">Resurrection Band</a> released a song called "Area 312" on their <a href="1982_in_music" title="1982 in music">1982</a> album <i>DMZ</i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li>Portions of the film <i><a href="RoboCop_2" title="RoboCop 2">RoboCop 2</a></i> were filmed in the Chicago area. A telephone number written on an abandoned building is (312) 555-7890.</li>

<li>The Snoop Dogg song "That's That", contains the lyrics: "Girl if you ever in the 312, holla at a playa".</li>

<li>The Ludacris song "<a href="Area_Codes_(Ludacris_song)" title="Area Codes (Ludacris song)">Area Codes</a>" has 312 as one of the 43 area codes mentioned.</li>

<li>The music project Radio Flyer used (312) as a track title.</li>

<li>The Kanye West song "New God Flow," contains the lyrics: "What has the world come to, I'm from the 312, where cops don't come through, and dreams don't come true."</li>

<li>The <a href="Disney_Channel" title="Disney Channel">Disney Channel</a> show <i><a href="Shake_It_Up_(U.S._TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shake It Up (U.S. TV series)">Shake It Up</a></i>, starring <a href="Bella_Thorne" title="Bella Thorne">Bella Thorne</a>, as Cecelia Grace "CeCe" Jones, and <a href="Zendaya" title="Zendaya">Zendaya</a>, as Raquel "<a href="Rocky" title="Rocky">Rocky</a>" Oprah Blue, mentions 312 as both Rocky and Cece's area code.</li>

<li>A 1960s AT&T commercial promoted calling long distance with the jingle "3-1-2 .. 3-1-2 That toddlin town, that toddlin town". The jingle played upon "<a href="Chicago_(That_Toddlin'_Town)" title="Chicago (That Toddlin' Town)">Chicago (That Toddlin' Town)</a>" a popular song written by Fred Fisher and famously performed by Frank Sinatra.</li>

<li>The Chicago hacking conference, started in 2009, known as <a href="THOTCON" title="THOTCON">THOTCON</a> derived its name from the area code. The first two letters of the word “three”, the first letter of “one”, and the first letter of “two”.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_Illinois_area_codes" title="List of Illinois area codes">List of Illinois area codes</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_North_American_Numbering_Plan_area_codes" title="List of North American Numbering Plan area codes">List of North American Numbering Plan area codes</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">AT&T (1955), <i>Notes on Nationwide Dialing</i></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://localcallingguide.com/lca_exch.php?exch=047801">Local calling guide: Chicago Zone 01: Calumet, IL</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phworld.org/switch/4xb.htm">Telephone World</a></span>

</li>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090317185747/http://www.gooseisland.com/pages/312_urban_wheat/16.php">"312 Urban Wheat"</a>. Goose Island Brewery. 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gooseisland.com/pages/312_urban_wheat/16.php">the original</a> on 17 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allegrochicago.com/alleg_ser_dining.html">"Dining-Hotel Allegro"</a>. Hotel Allegro. 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/song/t17384034">Area 312</a> at <a href="AllMusic_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="AllMusic (identifier)">AllMusic</a></span>

</li>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nanpa.com/resources/area-code-maps">"Area Code Maps"</a>. NANPA.</cite></li></ul>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalnanpa.com/">North American Numbering Plan Administrator</a></li></ul>

<caption><a href="Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> area codes: <a href="Area_codes_217_and_447" title="Area codes 217 and 447">217/447</a>, <a href="Area_codes_309_and_861" title="Area codes 309 and 861">309/861</a>, , <a href="Area_codes_630_and_331" title="Area codes 630 and 331">630/331</a>, <a href="Area_codes_618_and_730" title="Area codes 618 and 730">618/730</a>, <a href="Area_codes_708_and_464" title="Area codes 708 and 464">708/464</a>, <a href="Area_code_773" title="Area code 773">773</a>, <a href="Area_codes_815_and_779" title="Area codes 815 and 779">815/779</a>, <a href="Area_codes_847_and_224" title="Area codes 847 and 224">847/224</a>, <a href="Area_code_872" title="Area code 872">872</a>

</caption>

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<td width="30%" style="text-align:center;"><b>North</b>: <a href="Area_code_773" title="Area code 773">773</a>

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<td width="30%" style="text-align:center;"><b>East</b>: <a href="Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a>

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<td width="30%" style="text-align:center;"><b>South</b>: <a href="Area_code_773" title="Area code 773">773</a>

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</style><span class=" nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="geo:41.88,-87.6316667"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°52′48″N</span> <span class="longitude">87°37′54″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.88°N 87.6316667°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.88; -87.6316667</span></span></span></a></span></span>

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